Correlation of Serum Fetuin A and Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 Levels in Periodontitis and the Outcome of Initial Periodontal Therapy on Their Levels - A Preliminary Report.

Corresponding Author:
Dr. Greeshma C.,
Department of Periodontics,
Krishnadevaraya College of Dental
Sciences, Hunusmaranahalli, Bangalore,
Karnataka, India.
E-mail: greeshma.c17@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND

Fetuin A and MMP7 have been implicated in pathogenesis of the periodontal disease. To date, there is limited evidence that exists on its role in periodontal inflammation. The present study is the first of its kind which is aimed to correlate their concentrations in serum of patients with different periodontal status and explore the impact of periodontal therapy on their levels.

METHODS

One hundred and twenty, sex matched subjects (60 males and 60 females) belonging to common age group (30-39) were recruited and divided into four groups (n=40) based on clinical and radiographic parameters [PH-Group I;CG- Group-II; CP- Group IIIa; PTCP- Group IIIb (3 months post nonsurgical periodontal therapy)]. Serum samples were collected from each patient, Fetuin A and MMP 7 levels were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed by parametric and non-parametric tests.

RESULTS

A significant down regulation of Fetuin A levels (258.7 ng/ml) and concomitant upregulation of MMP-7 levels (256.7 pg/ml) were noted as the periodontal disease progressed (p<0.01). Further, periodontal therapy demonstrated a significant increase in serum Fetuin A and decrease in MMP-7 (37.5 pg/ml) levels (p<0.01). This indicates a negative correlation of Fetuin A and positive correlation of MMP-7 with the extent of periodontal inflammation and establishes the potency of periodontal therapy in stabilizing their levels.

CONCLUSIONS

Taken together, our data suggests that higher circulatory Fetuin A level has a protective role and helps in maintaining periodontal tissue homeostasis. The reduction of Fetuin A in CP highlights its predictive importance as an anti-inflammatory biomarker. Concurrently, it could pose as one of the possible linking factors between inflammatory conditions and vascular calcifications.

KEY WORDS

Fetuin A, MMP-7, Chronic Periodontitis, Serum, Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy, Anti-Inflammatory Biomarker, Vascular Calcifications