Correlation of Serum Fetuin A and Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 Levels in Periodontitis and the Outcome of Initial Periodontal Therapy on Their Levels - A Preliminary Report.

Beck JD, Slade G, Offenbacher S. Oral disease, cardiovascular disease and systemic inflammation. Periodontol 2000;23:110-20.

Kim J, Amar S. Periodontal disease and systemic conditions: a bidirectional relationship. Odontology 2006;94(1):10-21.            

Demmer RT, Desvarieux M. Periodontal infections and cardiovascular disease: the heart of the matter. J Am Dent Assoc 2006;137 Suppl:S14-20.

Giachelli CM. Vascular calcification mechanisms. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004;15(12):2959-64.                      

Speer MY, Giachelli CM. Regulation of cardiovascular calcification. Cardiovasc Pathol 2004;13(2):63-70.               

Giachelli CM, Speer MY, Li X, et al. Regulation of vascular calcification: roles of phosphate and osteopontin. Circ Res 2005;96(7):717-22.         

Jahnen-Dechent W, Schäfer C, Heiss A, et al. Systemic inhibition of spontaneous calcification by the serum protein α 2-HS glycoprotein/fetuin. Z Kardiol 2001;90 Suppl 3:47-56.                           

Lee CC, Bowman BH, Yang FM. Human alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein: the A and B chains with a connecting sequence are encoded by a single mRNA transcript. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987;84(13):4403-7.               

Jahnen-Dechent W, Schinke T, Trindl A, et al. Cloning and targeted deletion of the mouse fetuin gene. J Biol Chem 1997;272(50):31496-503.            

Schafer C, Heiss A, Schwarz A et al. The serum protein alpha 2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein/fetuin-A is a systemically acting inhibitor of ectopic calcification. J Clin Invest 2003;112(3):357-66.                                

Heiss A, DuChesne A, Denecke B, et al. Structural basis of calcification inhibition by α2-HS glycoprotein/fetuin-A. Formation of colloidal calciprotein particles. J Biol Chem 2003;278(15):13333-41.              

Szweras M, Liu D, Partridge EA, et al. α2-HS glycoprotein/fetuin, a transforming growth factor-β/bone morphogenetic protein antagonist, regulates postnatal bone growth and remodeling. J Biol Chem 2002;277(22):19991-7.  

Sun ZL, Xie QY, Guo GL, et al. Serum fetuin-A levels in patients with cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis. Biomed Res Int 2014;2014:691540.        

Alpagot T, Bell C, Lundergan W, et al. Longitudinal evaluation of GCF MMP-3 and TIMP-1 levels as prognostic factors for progression of periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2001;28(4):353-9.                            

Unemori EN, Bair MJ, Bauer EA, et al. Stromelysin expression regulates collagenase activation in human fibroblasts. Dissociable control of two metalloproteinases by interferon-gamma. J Biol Chem 1991;266(34):23477-82.            

Haerian A, Adonogianaki E, Mooney J, et al. Gingival crevicular stromelysin, collagenase and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases levels in healthy and diseased sites. J Clin Periodontol 1995;22(7):505-9.                   

Schure R, Costa KD, Rezaei R, et al. Impact of matrix metalloproteinases on inhibition of mineralization by fetuin. J Periodont Res 2013;48(3):357-66.            

Löe H. The gingival index, the plaque index and the retention index systems. J Periodontol 1967;38(6 Suppl):610-6.              

Ainamo J, Bay I. Problems and proposals for recording gingivitis and plaque. Int Dent J 1975;25(4):229-35.                     

Lobene RR. Discussion: current status of indices for measuring gingivitis. J Clin Periodontol 1986;13(5):381-2.                     

Ramfjord SP. The periodontal disease index (PDI). J Periodontol 1967;38(6 Suppl):602-10.                         

Armitage GC. Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions. Ann Periodontol 1999;4(1):1-6.   

Andrade R, Espinoza M, Gómez EM, et al. Intra-and inter-examiner reproducibility of manual probing depth. Braz Oral Res 2012;26(1):57-63.          

Türer ÇC, Ballı U, Güven B. Fetuin‐A, serum amyloid A and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels in periodontal health and disease. Oral Dis 2017;23(3):379-86.

Sato H, Kazama JJ, Wada Y, et al. Decreased levels of circulating α2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein/fetuin-A (AHSG) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Intern Med 2007;46(20):1685-91.           

Wang H, Zhang M, Bianchi M, et al. Fetuin (α2-HS-glycoprotein) opsonizes cationic macrophage deactivating molecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1998;95(24):14429-34.      

Tao Z, Li C, Deng Y, et al. The effect of fetuin-A on the release of the inflammatory cytokine HMGB1 from a calcium phosphate crystal-stimulated human macrophage cell line in vitro. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2016;9(11):11083-91.              

Li W, Zhu S, Li J, et al. A hepatic protein, fetuin-A, occupies a protective role in lethal systemic inflammation. PloS One 2011;6(2):e16945.         

Pal D, Dasgupta S, Kundu R, et al. Fetuin-A acts as an endogenous ligand of TLR4 to promote lipid-induced insulin resistance. Nat Med 2012;18(8):1279-85.           

Yu L, Wang L, Chen S. Endogenous toll‐like receptor ligands and their biological significance. J Cell Mol Med 2010;14(11):2592-603.  

Gangneux C, Daveau M, Hiron M, et al. The inflammation‐induced down‐regulation of plasma Fetuin‐A (α2HS‐Glycoprotein) in liver results from the loss of interaction between long C/EBP isoforms at two neighbouring binding sites. Nucleic Acids Res 2003;31(20):5957-70.      

Wang H, Sama AE. Anti-inflammatory role of fetuin-A in injury and infection. Curr Mol Med 2012;12(5):625-33.            

Ombrellino M, Wang H, Yang H, et al. Fetuin, a negative acute phase protein, attenuates TNF synthesis and the innate inflammatory response to carrageenan. Shock 2001;15(3):181-5.

Ersin Kalhan R, Ongoz Dede F, Gökmenoğlu C, et al. Salivary fetuin-A, S100A12, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in periodontal diseases. Oral Dis 2018;24(8):1554-61.               

Ljunggren S, Bengtsson T, Karlsson H. Modified lipoproteins in periodontitis: a link to cardiovascular disease? Biosci Rep 2019;39(3):BSR20181665.              

Caúla AL, Lira‐Junior R, Tinoco EM, et al. The effect of periodontal therapy on cardiovascular risk markers: a 6‐month randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2014;41(9):875-82.               

D'Aiuto F, Orlandi M, Gunsolley JC. Evidence that periodontal treatment improves biomarkers and CVD outcomes. J Clin Periodontol 2013;40 Suppl 14:S85-105.        

Bokhari H, Khan AA, Butt AK, et al. Non‐surgical periodontal therapy reduces coronary heart disease risk markers: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Periodontol 2012;39(11):1065-74.                           

Smith ER, Hanssen E, McMahon LP, et al. Fetuin-A-containing calciprotein particles reduce mineral stress in the macrophage. PloS One 2013;8(4):e60904.           

Jahnen-Dechent W, Heiss A, Schäfer C, et al. Fetuin-A regulation of calcified matrix metabolism. Circ Res 2011;108(12):1494-509.