ABSTRACT

NAME ADDRESS EMAIL ID OF THE CORRESPONDING AUTHOR:
Dr. Malini Panati,
Assistant Professor,
Department of DVL,
Osmania Medical College/Hospital.
E-mail: malinipanati@gmail.com

ABSTRACT: The study was carried out to know the HIV +ve serostatus among male and female patients attending STD op in Osmania general hospital from January–December 2014. Serum samples of 3650 patients were screened for HIV antibody by ELISA. 9.2% were positive for HIV and among them 133 were males and 206 were females.

KEYWORDS: HIV Seropositivity, STD’S, STIs Prevalence.

INTRODUCTION: Persons with sexually transmitted diseases (STD) form the high risk group for the transmission of HIV. India has a high incidence of STDs. Accumulating evidence suggests that concurrent infection with sexually transmitted diseases increase the risk of HIV transmission, so there will be greater prevalence of HIV infections inpatients attending STD clinic. Severity of manifestations and infectivity in STDs in HIV infected patients are more because of some degree of immunodeficiency. HIV positive individual having other STDs are more likely to transmit HIV to others by shedding or releasing HIV cells in both ulcerative and inflammatory genital secretions.

                The susceptibility of non-infected partners to HIV increase with these STDs. The study was undertaken to ascertain the HIV infectivity of patients attending STD clinics.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 3650 blood samples were collected over a period of 12 months (Jan-Dec. 2014) from the patients attending the STD clinic in Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad. The serum were collected and preserved with all standard precautions and screened for HIV antibodies by ELISA kits supplied by NACO and the results were analysed as per NACO guidelines. Complete history of patients regarding age, sex, contact, history, occupation and other risk factors were also collected and analysed.

BAR DIAGRAM:

Pie Diagram:

RESULT: Out of 3650 patients screened, 9.2% were positive for HIV and among them 133 were males and 206 were females out of which 22.1% were positive for HIV among the Total STIs of 1533.

DISCUSSION: Out of 3650 patients screened 339 patients were found to be HIV positive. The present study showed female preponderance of HIV seropositivity of 5.64% and males were 3.56 % positive. This study shows a variation from Aggarwal et al^[1] which shows a male preponderance of 5.1% and females of 3.1%.However most of the patients were in the age group of 31-40 years which is in concordant with Aggarwal et al study.^[1] Among male attenders most people having HIV seropositivity belongs to lower middle class^[2] and among female attenders most of them having seropositivity were Housewives. Detection of HIV antibody was highest in the in persons attending STD clinic with symptoms of Sexually transmitted diseases like urethral or cervical discharge and genital ulcer.^[3],[4],[5]

                        This is probably due to the ulcerative and non-ulcerative lesion of STD which might be facilitating the transmission of HIV.As both HIV and STDs are closely interlinked, early diagnosis, treatment and control of STD offers a rational approach to the control of HIV.^[6,7,8,9]

REFERENCES:

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2.    National AIDS Control Programme – India Country Scenario an update 1996, page 30.          NACO, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
3.    Piot, P, Laga, M. Genital ulcers, others STD and sexual transmission of HIV. Br Med J 1989; 296:623-624.
4.    Greenblatt RM, Lukchart SA, Plummer FA, et al. Genital ulceration as risk factor of HIV infection. AIDS 1988; 2: 45-50.
5.    Specialists Training and Reference Module: NACO: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, 2000.
6.    Cameron DW, D, Costa LJ, Maitha GM, et al. Female and male for sero conversion in men. Lancet 1989; 2:403.
7.    Grosskurth H morename et al. Impact of improved treatment of sexually transmitted diseases in HIV infection in rural tanzania: Randomized control trial, Lancet 1995; 346:530-536.
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